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Burushaski (Hunza)

Phylum: Isolate

Genus: Ungrouped

Lat/lon: 36.33, 74.66

ISO code: bsk

Consonants

Basic short series

bilabiallabio-velarlabio-dentalalveolarretroflexalveolo-palatalpalatalvelaruvularglottal
stopp, pʰ, bt, tʰ, dʈ, ʈʰ, ɖk, kʰ, gq, qʰ, ɢ
trillr
fricativefz, sʂɕxh
affricatets, tsʰʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ɖʐtɕ, tɕʰ, dʑ
nasalmnŋ
approximantwj
lateral approximantl

Short palatalised series

retroflex
fricativeʐʲ

Vowels

Basic short series

frontback
closeiu
close-mido
open-midɛʌ

Long series

frontcentralback
close
close-mid
open-midɛː
openäː

Licit initial clusters

pr, pʰr, br, tr, tʰr, dr, pj

Licit finals

p, pʰ, m, t, tʰ, n, l, ts, tsʰ, s, r, ʈ, ʈʰ, tɕ, tɕʰ, ɕ, ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ʂ, ʐʲ, k, kʰ, ŋ, q, qʰ, h, lC, nC, rC, sC, ɕC

Source: Anderson, Gregory D.S. 1997. Burushaski phonology. Kaye, Alan S., and Peter T. Daniels (eds.) Phonologies of Asia and Africa (including the Caucasus). Vol. 1, 1021–1041. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.

Comments: The previously postulated tonal distinctions are now considered to be moraic stress.

Contributed by: André Nikulin (andre.n.guzman@gmail.com)