bilabial | labio-velar | labio-dental | alveolar | retroflex | alveolo-palatal | palatal | velar | uvular | glottal | |
stop | p, pʰ, b | t, tʰ, d | ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖ | k, kʰ, g | q, qʰ, ɢ | |||||
trill | r | |||||||||
fricative | f | z, s | ʂ | ɕ | x | h | ||||
affricate | ts, tsʰ | ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ɖʐ | tɕ, tɕʰ, dʑ | |||||||
nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||
approximant | w | j | ||||||||
lateral approximant | l |
retroflex | |
fricative | ʐʲ |
front | back | |
close | i | u |
close-mid | o | |
open-mid | ɛ | ʌ |
front | central | back | |
close | iː | uː | |
close-mid | oː | ||
open-mid | ɛː | ||
open | äː |
pr, pʰr, br, tr, tʰr, dr, pj
p, pʰ, m, t, tʰ, n, l, ts, tsʰ, s, r, ʈ, ʈʰ, tɕ, tɕʰ, ɕ, ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ʂ, ʐʲ, k, kʰ, ŋ, q, qʰ, h, lC, nC, rC, sC, ɕC
Source: Anderson, Gregory D.S. 1997. Burushaski phonology. Kaye, Alan S., and Peter T. Daniels (eds.) Phonologies of Asia and Africa (including the Caucasus). Vol. 1, 1021–1041. Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns.
Comments: The previously postulated tonal distinctions are now considered to be moraic stress.
Contributed by: André Nikulin (andre.n.guzman@gmail.com)