bilabial | labio-dental | alveolar | palatal | velar | uvular | glottal | |
stop | p, b | t, d | k | ||||
tap | ɾ | ||||||
fricative | f, v | s, z | χ | ɦ | |||
nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
approximant | ʋ | j | |||||
lateral approximant | l |
front | central | back | |
close | i, y | u | |
near-close | ɪ, ʏ | ||
mid | ə | ||
open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
open | ɑ |
front | central | back | |
close | iː, yː | uː | |
close-mid | eː, øː | oː | |
open-mid | ɛː, œː | ɔː | |
open | aː |
front | central | back | |
open-mid | ɛ̃ | ɔ̃ | |
open | ã |
/ɛi/, /œy/, /ʌu/
Source: Gussenhoven, Carlos. 1999. Ilustrations of the IPA: Dutch. Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Cambridge University Press. 74-77.
Comments: The vowels in brackets are marginal in the language. Main stress falls on the antepenult, the penult, or the final syllable of the word if the penult is open, and on the penult or the final syllable if the penult is closed.
Contributed by: Anton Kukhto (kukhto@mit.edu)