bilabial | labio-dental | dental | alveolar | retroflex | alveolo-palatal | palatal | velar | uvular | |
stop | p, pʰ, b | t̪, t̪ʰ, d̪ | k, kʰ, g | q, qʰ | |||||
fricative | f | s, z | ʂ, ʐ | ɕ | χ, ʁ | ||||
affricate | t̪s̪, t̪s̪ʰ, d̪z̪ | ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ɖʐ | tɕ, tɕʰ, dʑ | ||||||
nasal | m, m̩ | n̪, n̪̩ | ɲ | ŋ, ŋ̩ | |||||
lateral approximant | l |
front | central | back | |
close | i, y | u, u˞ | |
close-mid | e, e˞ | o | |
mid | ə, ə˞ | ||
open | a | ɑ, ɑ˞ |
/ei/, /ai/, /əi/, /əu/, /ou/, /ɑu/, /ie/, /iu/, /io/, /ui/, /ue/, /ua/, /uə/, /uɑ/, /uɑ˞/, /yi/, /ye/, /ya/
FC, (F)B+z/ʐ/ʑ
p, t̪s̪, m, n̪, ŋ, l, s, z, ʂ
(C)(C)(C)V(C)(C)
Source: Huang, Chenglong. 2004. A Reference Grammar of the Puxi Variety of Qiang. City University of Hong Kong.
Comments: F — fricative, B — bilabial
Contributed by: Dmitry Nikolaev (dnikolaev@fastmail.com)