bilabial | labio-dental | dental | alveolar | palatal | velar | glottal | |
stop | p | t̪ | d̺ | k | |||
trill | r̺ | ||||||
fricative | f | s | h | ||||
nasal | m | n̺ | ŋ | ||||
approximant | ʋ | j | |||||
lateral approximant | l̺ |
glottal | |
stop | ʔː |
front | back | |
close | i, y | u |
close-mid | e̞, ø̞ | o̞ |
near-open | æ | |
open | ɑ |
pr̺, kr̺, t̪r̺, pl̺, kl̺, st, sp, sk, sl̺, d̺r̺, fr̺, fl̺, str̺, skr̺
t̪, s, n̺, r̺, l̺, m, n̺s
((s)C(L))V(V)(C)(C)
Source: Suomi, Kari; Toivanen, Juhani; Ylitalo, Riikka. 2008. Finnish sound structure: Phonetics, phonology, phonotactics and prosody. University of Oulu, Oulu.
Comments: /b/, /g/, /ʃ/ occur in educated speakers. /ʔː/, /ŋ/, /d̺/ and /f/ might be absent. As to the finals, only /t̪/, /s/, /n̺/ are frequent. /m/ and /n̺s/ only occur word-finally in loanwords. If word-final vowel reduction is acknowledged, many more combinations are possible. Syllable-initial cluster occur exclusively in loanwords.
Contributed by: André Nikulin (andre.n.guzman@gmail.com)