bilabial | labio-velar | labio-dental | alveolar | postalveolar | palatal | velar | uvular | pharyngeal | glottal | |
stop | pʰ, p, pʼ, b, bʼ | tʰ, t, tʼ, d | cʰ, c, cʼ, ɟ | kʰ, k, kʼ, g | q | ʔ | ||||
trill | r | |||||||||
fricative | f, v | s, z | ʃ, ʒ | ç | x, ɣ | χ, ʁ | ħ, ʕ | h | ||
affricate | tsʰ, ts, tsʼ | tʃʰ, tʃ, tʃʼ, dʒ | kx | qχ, qχʼ | ||||||
nasal | m | n | ||||||||
approximant | w | j | ||||||||
lateral approximant | l |
bilabial | alveolar | postalveolar | palatal | velar | uvular | |
stop | pː | tː | cː | kː | qː | |
affricate | tsː | tʃː | ||||
nasal | mː | |||||
lateral approximant | lː |
bilabial | labio-dental | alveolar | |
stop | pʲʰ, pʲ, pʲʼ | tʲʰ, tʲ, tʲʼ, dʲ | |
trill | rʲ | ||
fricative | fʲ, vʲ | sʲ, zʲ | |
nasal | mʲ | nʲ | |
lateral approximant | lʲ |
labio-dental | alveolar | |
stop | tʲː | |
fricative | vʲː | |
lateral approximant | lʲː |
front | back | |
close | i, y | u, ɯ |
close-mid | e | |
near-open | æ | |
open | ɑ |
stop/affricate+fricative/liquid
sonant+C
Source: Кибрик А.Е., Коздасов С.В., Оловянникова И.П. 1972. Фрагменты грамматики хиналугского языка. Москва: Издательство Московского университета.
Comments: /ø/ is found only in borrowings from Azeri. Palatals are treated as palatalised velars for the sake of simplicity of description.
Contributed by: Dmitry Nikolaev (dnikolaev@fastmail.com)