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Hindko (Northern)

Phylum: Indo-European

Genus: Indo-Aryan

Lat/lon: 34.237622, 73.229098

ISO code: hno

Consonants

Basic short series

bilabiallabio-dentaldentalalveolarpostalveolarretroflexpalatalvelaruvularglottal
stopp, pʰ, bt̪, t̪ʰ, d̪ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖk, kʰ, g
tapɾɽ
fricativefs, zʃɣχh
affricatetʃ, tʃʰ, dʒ
nasalmnɳŋ
approximantʋj
lateral approximantl

Vowels

Basic short series

frontcentralback
closeiu
close-mideo
near-openɐ
openɑ

Long series

frontcentralback
close
close-mid
near-openɐː
openɑː

Long nasalised series

frontcentralback
closeĩːũː
close-midẽː
near-openɐ̃ː
openɑ̃ː

Short nasalised series

frontcentralback
close
close-mid
near-openɐ̃
openɑ̃

Tones

51, 15, 33

Licit syllabic templates

(C)V(C)(C), (C)(C)V(C)

Source: Rehman, H.; and M.A. Robinson. 2011. Hindko jazyk. Novyje indoarijskije jazyki, ed. by T.I. Oranskaya, Yu.V. Mazurova, A.A. Kibrik, L.I. Kulikov, and A.Yu. Rusakov, 527–537. Moskva: Academia.

Comments: Long variants of /ɐ, ɑ/ are not listed in the table but in the text it is said that all vowels except /o/ have long variants.

Contributed by: Dmitry Nikolaev (dnikolaev@fastmail.com)