bilabial | labio-dental | alveolar | retroflex | alveolo-palatal | velar | |
stop | p, pʰ, b | t, tʰ, d | ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖ | k, kʰ, g | ||
fricative | f, v | s, z | ʂ, ʐ | ɕ, ʑ | x, ɣ | |
affricate | ts, tsʰ, dz | ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ, ɖʐ | tɕ, tɕʰ, dʑ | |||
lateral fricative | ɬ | |||||
nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
lateral approximant | l |
front | central | back | |
close | i | ɯ, u | |
close-mid | e | o | |
open-mid | ɛ | ||
open | a |
front | central | back | |
close | ḭ | ɯ̰, ṵ | |
close-mid | ḛ | o̰ | |
open-mid | ɛ̰ | ||
open | a̰ |
/ɿ/, /ɿ̰/
55, 33, 22, 21
Source: Namkung, Ju. 1996. Phonological inventories of Tibeto-Burman languages. Berkley: Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Project, Center for Southeast Asia Studies, University of California.9–10
Contributed by: Dmitry Nikolaev (dnikolaev@fastmail.com)