Phylum: Hmong-Mien

Genus: Hmongic

Lat/lon: 19.430668, 103.531051

ISO code: hnj

Consonants

Basic short series

	bilabial	labio-dental	alveolar	postalveolar	retroflex	palatal	velar	uvular	glottal
stop	p, pʰ		t, tʰ			c, cʰ	k, kʰ	q, qʰ	ʔ
fricative		v, f	s, sʰ	ʒ, ʃ		ç			h
affricate			ts, tsʰ	tʃ, tʃʰ	ʈʂ, ʈʂʰ
lateral fricative			ɬ
nasal	m		n			ɲ	ŋ
approximant						j
lateral approximant			l

Short pre-nasalised series

	bilabial	alveolar	postalveolar	retroflex	palatal	velar	uvular
stop	ⁿp, ⁿpʰ	ⁿt, ⁿtʰ			ⁿc, ⁿcʰ	ⁿk, ⁿkʰ	ⁿq, ⁿqʰ
affricate		ⁿts, ⁿtsʰ	ⁿtʃ, ⁿtʃʰ	ⁿʈʂ, ⁿʈʂʰ

Vowels

Basic short series

	front	central	back
close	i	ɨ	u
close-mid	e
open-mid			ɔ
open		a

Short nasalised series

	front	central	back
close	ĩ		ũ
open		ã

Diphthongs

/aj/, /aw/, /aɰ/, /ua/

Tones

55, 53, 35, 31ɦ, 33, 22, 31ʕ

Licit initial clusters

pl, pʰl, ⁿpl, ⁿpʰl, ml, kl, kʰl, ⁿkl, ⁿkʰl

Licit finals

Ø

Licit syllabic templates

(C)V